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Pico Laser Benefits

Written & medically reviewed by the Dermapedia team
At a Glance

Picosecond lasers have two well-supported advantages. They clear blue, green and yellow tattoo ink better than older nanosecond lasers, and they outperformed a common fractional laser on acne scarring.

They also have advantages that are claimed more often than they are demonstrated. For black tattoo ink, picosecond and nanosecond performed about the same. For general brown pigment, no clear superiority has been shown. For melasma, a meta-analysis found no significant benefit.

The genuine everyday benefit is speed and comfort. Short pulses mean less heat spreads into surrounding skin, which generally means less downtime than older, more thermal approaches.

Ask what yours is being used for, because the answer decides whether the premium is buying you anything.

Key Facts

What defines itA pulse of roughly 240 to 900 picoseconds — about 10 to 40 times shorter than a Q-switched pulse
How it worksHeat plus a mechanical shock that shatters pigment, rather than heat alone
Well supported forBlue, green and yellow tattoo ink; acne scarring
Equivalent to older lasers forBlack tattoo ink
Not established forGeneral brown pigment
Not supported forMelasma — non-significant in meta-analysis, and not cleared
DowntimeDepends on wavelength — 755 nm usually settles within a day
Devices in this classPicoSure, PicoWay, enlighten

What makes a picosecond laser different

A nanosecond is a billionth of a second and a picosecond is a trillionth. In practice, though, "picosecond" is a category label rather than a specification: cleared devices fire roughly 240 to 900 picosecond pulses, against about 5 to 20 nanoseconds for a Q-switched laser. The real gap is ten to forty times, not a thousand.

Older lasers work mainly by heating pigment until it fractures. A picosecond pulse is delivered so quickly that it adds a mechanical effect: the target is shattered rather than only cooked. With a lens array fitted, the pulse can also create tiny cavities within the skin, which triggers a repair response without removing the surface.

Less heat spilling into surrounding tissue is the practical consequence, and it is the reason recovery tends to be shorter than with more thermal approaches.

The benefits that hold up

Coloured tattoo ink. Blue, green and yellow clear better with picosecond lasers than with older ones. One trial found about a third of picosecond-treated tattoos reaching 75% clearance, against roughly one in seven with the older laser.

Acne scarring. In a head-to-head against a common 1550 nm fractional laser, picosecond scored better on a standard scarring assessment.

These are real, published advantages. If either is what you are treating, the technology is doing something for you.

The benefits that do not

Black tattoo ink. Picosecond and nanosecond performed about the same. If your tattoo is plain black, the newer machine may not shorten your course.

General brown pigment and sun spots. No clear superiority has been demonstrated over older nanosecond lasers. Both work; neither has been shown to be better.

Melasma. A meta-analysis found no significant benefit, and picosecond lasers are not cleared for it. Melasma is easily provoked by heat and is usually better served by topical treatment and oral options.

What it treats in practice

  • Tattoo removal, particularly multicoloured work
  • Acne scarring, where the evidence is genuinely favourable
  • Sun spots and freckles, effectively — just not demonstrably better than older options
  • Some birthmarks and pigmented lesions, depending on type

Downtime, honestly

This depends on the wavelength used more than on the brand of machine.

  • A 755 nm device — redness usually settled within about 24 hours
  • A 532/1064 nm device — pinpoint bruising often still visible at 24 hours

That comparison comes from a study of two different machines with different optics, so it is not purely a wavelength effect.

Treated pigment typically darkens for a few days and flakes off over one to two weeks. That is expected.

Two things worth knowing before you book

Pico Genesis is not a device. It is a treatment protocol run on the enlighten laser. Being quoted for it is fine — just know you are comparing a technique against device names, which is not like for like.

Some devices offer both modes. At least one laser in this class can fire either picosecond or nanosecond pulses, with the operator choosing. So "I had a pico laser" does not guarantee every pulse was picosecond. It is a fair question to ask.

Before you book

If you get cold sores, tell your provider. Laser treatment can reactivate the virus, and antiviral medication started in advance is the standard precaution.

Call your provider if

  • Blistering, crusting or an unexpected open area appears
  • Redness, swelling or pain increases after day three instead of settling
  • A treated area darkens markedly over the following weeks rather than clearing
  • A cluster of small painful blisters appears, which can be a cold sore flare triggered by treatment
Questions people ask+
What are the benefits of a pico laser?The well-supported ones are better clearance of blue, green and yellow tattoo ink, and better results on acne scarring than a common fractional laser. Shorter pulses also mean less heat spreads into surrounding skin, which generally shortens recovery.
Is a pico laser better than older lasers?For coloured tattoo ink and acne scars, yes. For black ink they are about equal, and for general brown pigment no advantage has been shown.
Does pico laser work for melasma?The evidence does not support it — a meta-analysis found no significant benefit, and it is not a cleared indication. Melasma is usually better addressed with sun protection, topical treatment and oral options.
How many sessions will I need?A short series for pigment or acne scarring. For tattoo removal, ten to twelve is the figure clinics usually quote and up to twenty is possible, though the published review reports a wider range of one to ten. Nobody can predict your number in advance.
Does pico laser hurt?It is usually described as a sharp snapping sensation, like a rubber band. Numbing cream is common.
Is pico safe for darker skin tones?It is used across skin tones, but any laser targeting pigment can also provoke pigment. See someone who treats your skin tone regularly and ask what settings they use.
What is the difference between PicoSure, PicoWay and enlighten?Mainly pulse duration and available wavelengths — roughly 450 to 900 picoseconds for PicoSure, 240 to 500 for PicoWay, and 660 to 750 for enlighten, which also has a nanosecond mode. Which suits you depends on what is being treated.
References+
Tanghetti E, Jennings J. A comparative study of the cutaneous effects of two picosecond lasers. Lasers Surg Med. 2018;50(1):37–44. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29111604/
Describes the mechanism, including the role of the lens array in creating intradermal cavities, and compares two different picosecond platforms.
JAAD 2022 — picosecond versus nanosecond lasers for tattoo removal
Source for the difference by ink colour and the equivalence on black ink.
Randomised comparison of picosecond and nanosecond laser tattoo clearance. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28758261/
Source for roughly 33% versus 14% of tattoos reaching 75% clearance.
Picosecond laser versus 1550 nm non-ablative fractional laser for acne scarring. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32603006/
Source for the acne scar comparison, favouring picosecond.
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