Procedure

PRF (Platelet-Rich Fibrin)

PRF is the second-generation version of PRP. Your blood is spun more gently and with no anticoagulant, so it forms a soft fibrin mesh that holds platelets and white cells and releases them slowly. The theory is better than PRP's. The comparative evidence is thinner.
At a Glance

PRF, or platelet-rich fibrin, is made from a small sample of your own blood. Unlike PRP, the tubes contain no anticoagulant and are spun at a lower speed for a shorter time, so clotting begins naturally and a soft fibrin scaffold forms. That mesh traps platelets, white blood cells and stem cells, and releases growth factors over days rather than in one burst. It is used for hair thinning, under-eye hollows, and skin quality. It is your own blood, so it is safe. Whether it beats PRP is not settled.

Key Facts

What It IsA concentrate made from your own blood, spun without anticoagulant so it forms a fibrin gel that releases growth factors slowly
Best ForEarly hair thinning, under-eye hollows and dark circles, general skin quality. Also used to boost healing after needling or surgery
Sessions NeededUsually 3–4 sessions about a month apart, then maintenance every 4–6 months
DowntimeBruising and swelling for 2–7 days, and longer under the eyes than anywhere else
CostAbout $600–$1,500 a session in the US, or $1,500–$4,000 for a course. Under-eye treatment costs more. Not covered by insurance
Results Timeline2–3 months for hair; under-eyes look worse before they look better, usually settling by 3–4 weeks
Evidence LevelModerate for PRP in hair loss; thinner for PRF specifically, and thinner still for the head-to-head claim that PRF is superior

How It Works

Blood contains platelets, which are the cells that arrive first at an injury. They release growth factors that recruit repair cells, build new small blood vessels, and stimulate collagen. Concentrating those platelets and putting them where you want repair is the whole idea behind both PRP and PRF.

The difference is in how the blood is handled. For PRP, the tube contains an anticoagulant to stop clotting, and the sample is spun hard and fast. That produces a liquid plasma layer rich in platelets, which can be injected precisely — but once it goes in, the growth factors are released in a rapid burst over a day or so.

For PRF, the tube has no anticoagulant, and the spin is slower and shorter. Clotting starts as intended. Fibrin — the protein your body uses to build the scaffolding of a clot — forms a soft three-dimensional mesh, and the platelets get caught in it along with white blood cells and a small population of circulating stem cells. Those extra cell types are largely spun away in PRP.

That mesh is the point. Instead of a single burst, the trapped platelets release growth factors gradually as the fibrin breaks down over roughly a week. Biologically that resembles how healing actually works. It also means the material behaves differently in your hands: PRF starts as a liquid and thickens within minutes, so it has to be drawn and injected promptly, and it can be spun differently again to make a thicker gel used as a soft filler.

Left unsaid in most clinic descriptions: a better-sounding mechanism is not the same as a better result. The claim that slow release outperforms burst release in skin and hair is plausible and not well demonstrated.

What It Treats

Moderate evidence
Hair is PRF's best-evidenced use, though most of the trial data is on PRP. Its claimed advantage, a slower release of growth factors from the fibrin scaffold, is theoretical and has not been shown head to head. Treating earlier gives it more to work with; late-stage loss does not respond.
Moderate evidence
This is the strongest use for PRF, clearly better supported than its skin uses. Most published trials are on PRP rather than PRF specifically, so the evidence carries over by reasoning rather than by direct comparison. Expect a course of sessions up front and top-ups afterwards; gains fade without maintenance.
Limited evidence
PRF is chosen here because it thickens skin slowly rather than filling space, which avoids the puffiness filler can cause under the eyes. Independent evidence is sparse and the improvement is usually subtle over several sessions. Bruising and swelling in this thin skin are common.
Limited evidence
Support here is noticeably thinner than for hair loss. The rationale, concentrated growth factors placed into freshly opened channels, is sensible, but the trials are small and often compare against no treatment rather than against needling alone. Safe, since it is your own blood, but the added benefit is unproven.

Who It's Right For & Who It's Not

Who it's right for

People with early to moderate pattern hair thinning who still have miniaturized hairs to work with, ideally alongside standard medications rather than instead of them.

People with under-eye hollows who want something softer than hyaluronic acid filler, or who have had puffiness and swelling from filler in that area before. PRF is absorbed completely, which some people prefer in a difficult area.

People who want a regenerative treatment but are uneasy about foreign material — this is entirely your own blood, with nothing added.

People having microneedling or a laser who want to combine it, which is a common and reasonable pairing.

Someone who has had PRP and wants to try the version with fewer needle-stick treatments per year, since PRF's slower release is sometimes used to justify slightly wider spacing.

Who it's not for

Anyone with a bleeding or platelet disorder, or who is on a blood thinner that cannot be paused safely. The treatment depends on your own platelets working.

Anyone with an active infection, a blood-borne infection, or a blood cancer.

People on chemotherapy or high-dose steroids, and people who are significantly anemic.

People with advanced hair loss and no remaining follicles. Nothing regrows hair from bald scalp — that is a hair transplant conversation.

Anyone expecting under-eye hollows to disappear. PRF improves skin quality and adds a small amount of volume, and deep hollows usually need filler or surgery.

Pregnant and breastfeeding people, by convention. Risk is likely low since it is your own blood, but it is an elective treatment and there is no reason to do it now.

Anyone who cannot commit to a course. One session rarely does anything you would notice.

How to Prepare

Before you start

Drink plenty of water the day before and the morning of. Well-hydrated veins make the blood draw easier, and a failed draw is the most common reason a session goes badly.

Eat a proper meal beforehand. People faint at the blood draw, not at the injections.

Tell the clinic every medicine and supplement. Blood thinners, aspirin, ibuprofen, fish oil and high-dose vitamin E all increase bruising, and some clinics ask you to pause the over-the-counter ones for about a week. Never stop a prescribed blood thinner on your own.

Avoid alcohol for a day or two beforehand. It thins the blood and dehydrates you, which works against both steps.

If you are being treated under the eyes, clear your calendar. Swelling there is common and can look odd for several days.

If you get cold sores and the face is being treated, ask for a preventive antiviral.

On the day

Come with clean skin, no makeup, and short sleeves or a loose top for the draw.

Keep drinking water up to the appointment.

Expect the whole visit to take about an hour, most of which is spinning and waiting.

Ask to see the tubes go into the centrifuge and come out. PRF tubes have no anticoagulant, and watching the process is reasonable.

What Happens During It

A small amount of blood is drawn from your arm, usually a few tubes, exactly like a routine blood test.

The tubes go straight into the centrifuge. Timing matters more with PRF than PRP, because clotting is already underway. Spinning takes several minutes.

Meanwhile, numbing cream is applied to the treatment area and left to work. Under-eye treatment is sometimes done with numbing injections instead.

The tubes come out with a clear or straw-colored upper layer over red cells. The upper layer is drawn off into a syringe.

Injections start promptly. On the scalp, a grid of small injections is placed across the thinning area — this is the most uncomfortable version, and most people describe it as a series of sharp stings with pressure. Under the eyes, a small number of injections or a single cannula pass is used. On the face, a fine grid or a needling treatment with PRF spread over it.

Ice is usually applied afterwards, particularly under the eyes.

Budget about an hour total. The injections themselves are 10 to 20 minutes of it.

Recovery

It varies enormously by area, and the under-eye version surprises people.

Scalp: tender and tight for a day, occasionally with mild swelling that can travel down toward the forehead overnight. Wash your hair gently after about 6 to 12 hours or as instructed. No swimming, sauna or heavy exercise for a day. Small scabs at injection points can last a few days.

Under the eyes: expect swelling. Puffiness for three to seven days is normal and sometimes longer, because PRF holds water. Bruising is common and can be dramatic. Sleep with your head raised for a few nights and use cool compresses. This is the area where people most often panic on day two and it is usually fine by week three or four.

Face: redness and small bumps that settle within a day, with bruising at some points for up to a week.

Across all areas: no makeup for 12 to 24 hours, no strenuous exercise for 24 hours, no alcohol that evening, no sauna or hot tub for two days, and sunscreen afterwards.

Skip anti-inflammatory painkillers like ibuprofen for a few days if you can, and use acetaminophen instead — the treatment depends on an inflammatory healing response, and blunting it may work against you.

Side Effects & Risks

PRF is one of the safer injectable treatments for one clear reason: it is your own blood with nothing added, so allergy and rejection are effectively off the table. What remains are the risks of any needle in skin.

Common and expected
  • Soreness, tightness and swelling in the treated area for 1–3 days
  • Bruising, especially under the eyes and on the scalp
  • Redness and small bumps at injection points
  • A headache or scalp tenderness after scalp treatment
  • Feeling lightheaded at the blood draw
Uncommon but possible
  • Swelling under the eyes that is getting worse after four or five days rather than better
  • Lumps or firm areas that persist beyond a couple of weeks
  • Increasing pain, warmth or spreading redness — signs of infection at an injection site
  • A cold sore triggered by facial treatment
  • Increased shedding that continues past the first couple of months after scalp treatment
Rare but serious
  • A patch of skin that turns white, gray or dusky, especially with severe pain, which can mean a blocked blood vessel
  • Any change in vision after treatment near the eyes
  • Fever with a spreading, hot, painful area
  • Severe or one-sided headache with visual changes after scalp or facial injections

Results

Hair
This is where PRF is used most and where the evidence, borrowed largely from PRP, is strongest. Realistic outcome: shedding slows first, usually within a couple of months, then existing thin hairs thicken over three to six months. Density looks modestly better. It does not create new follicles, so it works where hair is thinning, not where scalp is bare. Results fade without maintenance every four to six months. Combined with finasteride or minoxidil, it does more than alone.
Under the eyes
The most popular use, and the one with the widest gap between hope and outcome. PRF thickens and improves the quality of thin under-eye skin over two to three months, which can genuinely soften a bluish, crepey look. It adds only a little volume, and that volume is gone within months. If your hollow is deep and structural, PRF will underdeliver and filler or surgery is the honest answer. Expect to look worse for the first week or two.
Skin quality
Combined with microneedling, skin looks firmer and more even over a course. It is a subtle improvement, not a resurfacing.
PRF versus PRP
The fair position: PRF's biology is more elegant — more cell types, slower release, no additive. Direct comparisons in aesthetics are few, small, and inconsistent, and they do not clearly establish that PRF produces better results. If your clinic tells you PRF is definitively better, they are ahead of the evidence. If they offer both and explain the trade-off, that is a better sign.
Who is disappointed
People with advanced hair loss. People with deep under-eye hollows. People who did one session. And people who stopped maintenance and were surprised when the effect faded — this is an upkeep treatment, and the total cost over years is the number worth calculating before you start.

At-Home Versions

There is none, and there cannot be. PRF requires a blood draw, a calibrated centrifuge, specific tubes with no additive, sterile handling, and injection within minutes of spinning. Every part of that belongs in a clinical setting.

Home centrifuges and PRF tubes are sold online. Drawing your own blood and injecting a preparation you spun on a kitchen counter is an efficient way to give yourself an abscess or a blood-borne infection, and the risk here is not theoretical.

Some products marketed for home use claim to contain growth factors similar to PRF. They do not deliver anything comparable, and molecules that size do not cross intact skin.

If the goal is hair, the treatments you can genuinely do at home have better evidence than PRF anyway: topical minoxidil daily, and for many people an oral medication prescribed by a doctor. If the goal is under-eye skin quality, a retinoid used carefully in that area, sleep, and sunscreen are unglamorous and they work.

There is one place a good centrifuge matters that you can control: choose a clinic that owns proper equipment and does this often. Between an experienced injector with a good protocol and a clinic that bought a kit last month, the difference is much larger than the difference between PRP and PRF.

FAQ+
What is the difference between PRF and PRP?Two things. PRF tubes contain no anticoagulant, so clotting proceeds and a fibrin mesh forms. And PRF is spun more gently, which keeps white blood cells and some stem cells that a harder spin removes. The practical result is slower growth factor release over about a week instead of a burst over a day.
Is PRF better than PRP?Not proven. The mechanism is more attractive, and many injectors prefer it. Head-to-head evidence in aesthetics is limited and does not clearly favor either. PRP has the longer track record and more supporting data, particularly for hair loss.
Is PRF safe?As injectables go, yes. It is your own blood with nothing added, so allergic reaction and rejection are essentially impossible. The risks are the ordinary ones of needles: bruising, swelling and, rarely, infection.
Is PRF FDA-approved?The centrifuge systems used to make it are FDA-cleared as devices, generally for preparing blood components, and some are cleared for specific surgical uses. Using the result for hair loss or facial rejuvenation is off-label. That is legal and normal in medicine, but it is not the same as an approved treatment for those uses, and clinics sometimes blur that.
How many sessions do I need?Usually three or four, about a month apart, then maintenance every four to six months. One session is not a trial of the treatment.
Does it hurt?The scalp is the sore one — a series of sharp stings even with numbing. Under the eyes is more pressure than pain. The blood draw is the part people dread and the easiest part.
Why do my under-eyes look worse afterwards?Because PRF holds water and the skin there is very thin. Puffiness for up to a week is normal and expected. Judge the result at three to four weeks, not at day three.
Will it regrow hair I have already lost?No. It can thicken hairs that are still there and slow shedding. Bare scalp with no follicles does not respond to this or to any injection — that is a hair transplant question.
Can I have PRF while on blood thinners?Not usually, and not without your prescribing doctor's involvement. The treatment relies on your platelets and clotting working normally, and stopping a blood thinner on your own is dangerous.
Can it be combined with microneedling or filler?Yes, and both are common. PRF spread over freshly needled skin is essentially what a vampire facial is. Combining with filler in the same session is done, though many injectors prefer to separate them so they can tell what did what.