In a 28-person single-arm study, combined 1440/1927 nm laser sessions improved every measure of photodamage the researchers tracked.
A low-dose minocycline (40 mg) beat both doxycycline 40 mg and placebo for rosacea across two phase 3 trials.
Among people whose rosacea had already cleared, half as many relapsed on low-dose doxycycline as on placebo (13.8% vs 27.7%).
Several treatments appear to help perioral dermatitis, but every finding rests on low-certainty evidence.
Non-drowsy antihistamines are first-line for hives, with higher doses and omalizumab as next steps.
Niacinamide reduces signs of aging and pigmentation in clinical trials, though the author notes no specific molecular target has been confirmed.
The strongest evidence points to misuse of topical steroids as the main driver of perioral dermatitis.
Topical hyaluronic acid consistently improves skin hydration and, at lower molecular weights, the look of fine lines and skin quality.
Rosacea should be classified and treated by its individual features rather than by subtype, aiming for completely clear skin.
Pooling 152 studies and 20,944 people, high-certainty evidence supports brimonidine for redness and azelaic acid and ivermectin for bumps.
Both antibiotics reduced rosacea lesions by a similar amount, though minocycline did better on the doctors' overall rating.
After treatment stopped, people who had used ivermectin stayed clear a median of 115 days versus 85 days on metronidazole.
35% glycolic acid peels improved melasma about as well as salicylic-mandelic peels, and better than phytic acid peels.
Raising the antihistamine dose improved itch, but did not significantly reduce the number of weals.
Oral nicotinamide 500 mg twice daily cut new non-melanoma skin cancers by 23% over 12 months.
Across 98 published cases of vision loss from filler, the glabella (38.8%) and nose (25.5%) were the highest-risk sites.
Across 51 studies and 9,052 people, ketoconazole 2% left 31% fewer people with unresolved rash than placebo.
Over 52 weeks of total treatment, ivermectin 1% cream caused fewer treatment-related side effects than azelaic acid 15% gel.
In 10 people with Fitzpatrick III-V skin, four 1440 nm sessions gave mild gains in texture, pigmentation and wrinkling; pore size and laxity did not change significantly.
The strongest tier of evidence supports IPL for melasma, acne, and telangiectasia; rosacea and sun spots sit one tier below.
Across 36 trials and 2,706 people, short courses of topical steroids cleared seborrheic dermatitis more often than placebo.
Adults using daily sunscreen showed about 24% less skin aging than those using it only when they chose to.
In people whose hives persisted despite antihistamines, omalizumab 300 mg nearly doubled the drop in weekly itch score versus placebo.
Across 85 trials and 8,815 people, salicylic acid beat placebo for clearing warts; cryotherapy alone did not.
Adults assigned to daily sunscreen had about half the rate of new melanoma over 10 years of follow-up.
At 12 weeks, 14% of foot warts had cleared with salicylic acid and 14% with cryotherapy — no meaningful difference.
Topical hyaluronic acid improved skin hydration and elasticity, and lower-molecular-weight forms reduced wrinkle depth around the eyes.
Pimecrolimus cream reduced perioral dermatitis severity more than the vehicle cream, with the largest benefit in people whose rash followed steroid use.
Across two phase 3 trials, once-daily 40 mg doxycycline roughly doubled the reduction in rosacea lesions versus placebo.
Nearly 90% of 53 patients improved 51-75% after three monthly 1550 nm laser sessions.
Over 12 weeks, 5% niacinamide reduced fine lines, dark spots, red blotchiness and sallowness compared with its own vehicle.
The original paper introducing fractional laser treatment: microscopic columns of injury healed within a day, and wrinkle scores improved 18% at 3 months.
Adding IPL to hydroquinone improved the melanin index 39.8% versus 11.6% for hydroquinone alone, but pigment partly returned by 24 weeks.
A 20 mg twice-daily dose improved moderate acne over 6 months without changing bacterial counts or antibiotic resistance.
At 6 months, hyaluronic acid filler was rated superior in 56.9% of patients versus 9.5% for collagen, and needed less volume.
In cultured skin cells, niacinamide raised ceramide production 4.1-5.5 fold; applied to skin, it increased barrier lipids and reduced water loss.
8% glycolic acid cream modestly improved signs of sun-damaged skin and was well tolerated.
After 8 weeks, 82% improved on 4% nicotinamide gel and 68% on 1% clindamycin gel — a difference too small to be statistically meaningful.